"Dear Nenni, last night I read the article for L'Avanti! which is attributed to your pen-hitting and I can only deeply hurt by the hint that you do, referring to me as the leader of a fascist government preordained-agricultural-industrial, with the strategic plan to humiliate the parliament, parties and unions. "
is July 23, 1964, the second center-left government, with Prime Minister Aldo Moro Pietro Nenni and vice president, has just sworn in front of the head of state, Antonio Segni, but the protagonists of that summer have still thought it difficult to fight just ended. So the chairman of the Senate, Caesar Merzagora, who inspired a moderate and can turn the head of a caretaker government, he wrote this letter to the socialist leader oozes resentment. Nenni replied immediately with dry tone: "Dear Merzagora, the article you are referring to was mine and I have nothing to remove it and nothing to add. (...) Your intentions may be excellent or mediocre. The emergency government, headed by a "prominent Democrats" or you could not be but with a "fascist-agricultural-industrial" to put it in your own words. " The term in fact was not Nenni, which would be used in provocative manner in a subsequent article.
This interesting and little known exchange of letters, cards kept in the Aldo Moro at the Central State Archive can now be read as an appendix to the essay of the historic Elena Cavalieri, "The plans for the clearance of the center in 1964," the new edition of the journal Past and Present ", directed by Gabriele Turi.
the spring and summer of 1964 is remembered not only for the settlement of the center (while remaining intact formula of government, reforms in the second edition, from programming to the regions, were postponed sine die, so that Antonio Giolitti acceptance of the armchair Minister and Riccardo Lombardi resigned as director of Avanti! but also and especially for that "saber rattling" (this is a term coined by Nenni) reported in May 1967 on 'Express' by Eugenio Scalfari investigations and Lino Jannuzzi. The transition from first to second center is undoubtedly linked to the "Only Plan", in addition to contacts between the President of the Republic Segni, the chief of police John De Lorenzo and his chief of staff of Aldo Rossi.
Elena Cavalieri's essay is not devoted to the analysis of the "Only Plan", which usually focuses on the historiographical analysis conducted in 1964, as the economic context in which the crisis developed. "While I note the difficulties created by the crisis of the lira to the existence of the first executive of the center-left between January and June 1964 - writes the scholar - the crucial role played by economic issues in July 1964 was not sufficiently highlighted ... The alarm for the "situation" was instead the key to the aggregation of the diverse group - composed of political, military and industrial - that in those weeks was activated for the scaling experiment center. It was this concern to push the president, Antonio Segni, to seek practical alternatives to the center left. "
's obsession with signs for the economic crisis and its belief that the proposed reforms were "unconstitutional" and would lead to the collapse of the system is told through archival documents
(eg letters to Signs Moro) and a copious literature, the Paolo Emilio Taviani diaries of Moro's letters from prison by the Red Brigades. The question remains whether the center was to defuse the threat of a change institutional or even a coup or if the pressures were sufficient dorotea of \u200b\u200bthe DC current, above the memorandum prepared by Emilio Colombo, and moderate environments. This is a theme that recalls the Knights as he animated the beginning of 2004 a dispute between Paolo Mieli, who in the Corriere della Sera has expressed doubt that Italy is in the summer of 1964 on the brink of a coup, and Eugenio Scalfari, a supporter on the 'Republic' thesis that the plot represented a real threat to democracy. For the author of the test point is not to deny the dangers of "Only Plan" as to foreground the background of economic crisis. While the Knights very carefully gives credit to the hypothesis that the contacts between Signs and military leaders needed to prepare a reaction in the streets, not a coup.
Dino Messina
www.corriere.it
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